D minor

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D minor Attributes
  • Relative major: F major
  • Parallel major: D major
  • Fr. re mineur
  • It. re minore
  • Ger. d-Moll
  • Sp. re menor

D minor (or Dm) is the natural minor tonality, scale or chord based on the tonal center of D. The scale and tonality are made up of the pitches D, E, F, G, A, Bb and C, while the chord comprises of D, F, and A. Its key signature consists of one flat.

<music> \cadenzaOn \meterOff \key d \minor d e f g a bes! c \bar "|"<d, f a>1 <f a d> <a d f> </music>

The D Minor Scale and Chord Inversions

Famous pieces in D minor

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  • Wolfgang Mozart - Requiem
  • Gustav Mahler - Symphony No. 3
  • JS Bach - "Toccata and Fugue"
  • Antonin Dvorak - Symphony No.7
  • Dmitri Shostakovich - Symphony No.5
  • Jean Sibelius - Violin Concerto
  • Ludwig van Beethoven - Symphony No.9 "Choral"


Scales and Keys
Major scales C major, C-sharp major, D-flat major, D major, E-flat major, E major, F major, F-sharp major, G-flat major, G major, A-flat major, A major, B-flat major, B major, C-flat major.
Minor scales C minor, C-sharp minor, D-flat minor, D minor, D-sharp minor, E-flat minor, E minor, F minor, F-sharp minor, G-flat minor, G minor, G-sharp minor, A-flat minor, A minor, B-flat minor, B minor, C-flat minor.
Modal scales Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Locrian.
Jazz scales Blues scale, Bebop scale, Altered scale, Lydian dominant scale/Acoustic scale, Phrygian dominant scale.
Other types Whole tone scale, Pentatonic scale, Octatonic scale/Diminished scale, Chromatic scale, Quarter-tone scale.